Kevlar® pulp

Abstract

This article introduces DuPont's Kevlar® pulp. Para-aramid — poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) — fibres show lyotropic liquid-crystal behaviour. Kevlar® fibres combine high tensile strength, high modulus, heat resistance, resistance to acids, alkalis and most organic solvents, and good dimensional stability. Standard Kevlar® fibre is reported to have a weight-specific tensile strength about 6 times that of steel wire, 3 times that of glass fibre and 2 times that of high-tenacity nylon industrial yarn; it retains about 75% of its strength after 100 hours at 200 ℃ and about 95% after 500 hours at 160 ℃.

Kevlar® products include filament yarn, short fibres and pulp. The pulp is made by shearing filament into short fibres, dispersing them in water and fibrillating them to obtain a product of high specific surface area and short length (specific surface area up to 7–10 m²/g). With short length, abundant fibrillation, a high length/diameter ratio and high specific surface area, the pulp disperses well in a matrix and is used in friction and sealing composites as an asbestos replacement. The article notes that in some countries pulp accounts for up to 96% of aramid consumption, and that in 2007 China's total aramid demand was above 600 tonnes, mainly for premium passenger-car brake pads and marine/petrochemical gaskets.

Key facts

  • Producer / brand: DuPont Kevlar® para-aramid pulp (PPTA, lyotropic liquid crystal)
  • Product forms: filament yarn, short fibres, pulp
  • Pulp process: shear filament → disperse in water → fibrillate; specific surface area up to 7–10 m²/g
  • Strength (standard Kevlar®): about 6× steel wire, 3× glass fibre, 2× high-tenacity nylon (weight-specific tensile strength, per original article)
  • Heat retention: about 75% strength after 100 h at 200 ℃; about 95% after 500 h at 160 ℃
  • Friction-material benefits cited: thermal stability, longer service life, lower disc wear, lower brake noise, easier uniform mixing, less dust in production
  • Sealing-material benefits cited: thermal and chemical stability, dimensional stability, toughness, radiation resistance, oriented microstructure
  • Market note: pulp up to 96% of aramid use in some countries; China aramid demand above 600 t in 2007 (per original article)

The original article is in Chinese; see the Chinese version for the full text. This page provides the English title, abstract and key facts only — translated and compiled from the original, without full verbatim translation.